The use of selected pseudo-invariant targets for the application of atmospheric correction in multi-temporal studies using satellite remotely sensed imagery     

D.G. Hadjimitsis  C.R.I. Clayton  A. Retalis 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2009

Because atmospheric effects can have a significant impact on the data obtained from multi-spectral satellite remote sensing, it is frequently necessary to make corrections before any other image processing can be started. This paper describes a robust and relatively simple atmospheric correction method that uses pseudo-invariant targets (PITs) in conjunction with the empirical line method. The method is based on the selection of a number of suitable generic PITs, on the basis that they are large, distinctive in shape, and occur in many geographical areas. Whereas the multi-temporal normalization method corrects all images to a selected reference image, in this method images are simultaneously corrected using targets with a range of estimated surface reflectance values. The paper describes some applications of the method for a range of environmental studies involving water quality and air pollution monitoring, and mapping land-cover changes.  相似文献   

Fluid Institutions: Commons in Transition in the Periurban Interface     

Aditya Kumar Singh  Vishal Narain 《社会与自然资源》2019,32(5):606-615

Amidst growing concern about the decline of the commons, this case underscores the importance of understanding how the commons are refashioned and remade to address emerging challenges in periurban spaces. This article describes how institutions surrounding the use of common property resources get transformed and evolve in periurban contexts. What were once johads – common property village ponds – undergo a change in their usage from storing rainwater to storing waste water of the city for irrigation. This emerges as a collective response to the uncertainty attached to the availability of waste water. New institutions evolve with regard to contributions to waste water infrastructure, as well as the appropriation of waste water. Further research should document the changing use of village commons and the emergence of new institutions governing them.  相似文献   

基于R-FCN_ResNet的深海冷泉区生物的识别与分布研究     

李海菊  连超  管利聪  李超伦  栾振东 《海洋科学》2020,44(9):54-62

针对深海冷泉生物数量多、密度大、特征低，人工识别它们的种类和数取它们的数量耗时费力且准确度低这一问题，利用残差学习块，改进了基于区域的全卷积网络算法，用以深海冷泉生物的自动识别与检测。首先，构建了一组包括5类目标生物的深海冷泉生物图像目标检测数据集；然后，在TensorFlow框架下对比了R-FCN_ResNet、Faster R-CNN和SSD_MobileNet三种典型的卷积神经网络算法。从训练耗损时间、平均检测速度、平均置信度三方面权衡，突出了R-FCN_ResNet模型的优势；最后，将测试集图片输入至该模型中检测深海冷泉生物的种类和数量，并且以此复现了生物的分布情况。实验证明，所提方法结合本文数据集进行的深海冷泉生物识别与分布研究，是有效可行的，且具有较高的目标分类和定位准确率。  相似文献   

北斗三号在轨测试卫星观测数据分析     

刘赞  张鑫 《大地测量与地球动力学》2020,40(7):741-745

采用自编数据处理算法对部分iGMAS与MGEX站点的观测数据进行分析，结果表明，北斗新信号表现优异，数据完整率和信噪比弱于GPS，多路径误差和伪距噪声与GPS相当，电离层延迟变化率优于GPS。总体而言，北斗三号与GPS处于同一水准。  相似文献   

国产深海准实时传输潜标系统设计   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

于非  陈永华  周春  张孝薇  邓锴  韩云峰  刘岩松  刘庆奎  王蓓  胡贺岗  姜静波  倪佐涛  姜斌  李晓龙 《海洋科学》2020,44(7):194-200

基于海洋环境安全保障、海洋环境预报和海洋科学研究的需要，开展国产深海准实时传输潜标系统的设计，重点进行锚泊系统水动力分析、观测设备工作同步性、准实时通讯系统安全可靠和系统低功耗等整体技术设计；开展轻型感应耦合传输缆制作、大深度感应耦合传输和智能收放通讯等数据实时通讯技术的研究；进行适用于准实时传输潜标系统的多种类国产设备的稳定性和可靠性优化、规模化集成和系统化的应用示范，形成半潜升降式准实时通讯潜标与浮子式准实时通讯潜标各1套。所设计的准实时传输潜标系统集成了1台抗污染CTD、19台感应耦合CTD、8台感应耦合T、4台感应耦合传输的ADCP、2台单点海流计和6台感应耦合数据传输仪，并配有2套声学释放器；潜标系统本体设计含有3个水下流线型浮体、1套通讯浮子、1套准实时卫星通讯装置（半潜式水下绞车或海面浮子）和1套锚泊缆系，可实现深达2 000 mm的剖面温盐深和海流等海洋要素的高频率、多要素、多层次的长期连续观测和数据准实时传输，以便对科学问题解决和海洋环境安全保障等提供及时的数据支撑。  相似文献   

Evaluations and comparisons of rule-based and machine-learning-based methods to retrieve satellite-based vegetation phenology using MODIS and USA National Phenology Network data     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2020

Vegetation phenology is a sensitive indicator that reflects the vegetation–atmosphere interactions and vegetation processes under global atmospheric changes. Fast-developing remote sensing technologies that monitor the land surface at high spatial and temporal resolutions have been widely used in vegetation phenology retrieval and analysis at a large scale. While researchers have developed many phenology retrieving methods based on remote sensing data, the relationships and differences among the phenology retrieving methods are unclear, and there is a lack of evaluation and comparison with the field phenology recoding data. In this study, we evaluated and compared eight phenology retrieving methods using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and the USA National Phenology Network data from across North America. The studied phenology retrieving methods included six commonly used rule-based methods (i.e., amplitude threshold, the first-order derivative, the second-order derivative, the third-order derivative, the relative change curvature, and the curvature change rate) and two newly developed machine learning methods (i.e., neural network and random forest). At the large scale, the start of the season (SOS) values, derived by all methods, had similar spatial distributions; however, the retrieved values had large uncertainties in each pixel, and the end of the season (EOS) inverted values were largely different among methods. At the site scale, the SOS and EOS values extracted by the rule-based methods all had significant positive correlations with the field phenology observations. Among the rule-based methods, the amplitude threshold method performed the best. The machine learning methods outperformed the rule-based methods in terms of retrieving the SOS when assessed using the field observations. Our study highlighted that there were large differences among the methods in retrieving the vegetation phenology from satellite data and that researchers must be cautious in selecting an appropriate method for analyzing the satellite-retrieved phenology. Our results also demonstrated the importance of field phenology observations and the usefulness of the machine learning methods in understanding the satellite-based land surface phenology. These findings provide a valuable reference for the future development of global and regional phenology products.  相似文献   

西南岩溶地区碳循环观测与模拟研究进展和展望   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马明国  汤旭光  韩旭军  时伟宇  宋立生  黄静 《地理科学进展》2019,38(8):1196-1205

岩溶地区碳循环具有地表与地下双层结构的相互渗透、有机与无机碳循环的相耦合以及生物与非生物过程的相关联等特征,相对于其他陆地生态系统更为特殊和复杂。中国西南地区是全球最大范围的喀斯特连续出露地区,前期研究结果表明该区域的碳循环路径与过程是基本清晰的,但岩石-土壤-植被-大气-水不同界面间的碳通量及迁移转化机制仍然不明确,亟待开展小流域尺度碳循环各个分量的精细观测,以及区域尺度的碳循环遥感估算和模型模拟工作。论文对西南岩溶地区碳循环观测与模拟研究的进展进行了梳理,在此基础上展望下一步需要重点开展的工作,该研究可以为评估全球气候变化对该地区影响及制定适应对策提供参考。  相似文献   

国内裂流研究进展     

董碧璇  冯卫兵  冯曦 《海洋科学》2020,44(1):165-174

裂流是我国华南沿海地区较为频发的一种自然灾害。本文从国内裂流发生概况、裂流的研究历史以及研究进展等方面对裂流作出阐述,并与国外研究裂流的方法进行了对比。介绍了国外在现场观测运用的方法和设备、国内自研究裂流以来开展的物理模型试验、数值模型以及评价裂流风险的方法。展望了未来国内裂流的研究趋势。  相似文献   

目标激光脉冲一维距离成像研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李艳辉  吴振森  宫彦军  张耿  王明军 《海洋学报》2010,32(10):6988-6993

根据激光雷达方程及粗糙面脉冲波束散射理论,提出了目标激光脉冲后向散射回波功率即激光一维距离像的计算表达式,并获得斜板、球和圆锥一维距离像的具体形式.数值计算结果与粗糙平板和圆锥激光脉冲回波强度实验数据比较,两者符合良好.数据分析表明,激光一维距离像曲线能够较好反映目标的纵向几何外形信息.我们着重讨论了入射激光脉冲宽度与目标径向尺寸对距离像的影响.上述研究可为激光波段的目标特征提取和识别提供理论依据.  相似文献   

广东阳江盆地遥感数据地温反演及地热异常靶区圈定     

唐海  张代磊  周文纳 《地质论评》2022,68(5):2022092009-2022092009

地热能是一种安全、清洁、稳定的可再生能源,广东阳江地区的地热资源开发潜力巨大,但研究程度较低。热红外遥感技术能够高效地圈定地热异常区并对隐伏断裂进行预测,笔者等选取研究区landsat8遥感数据,通过分析地表温度、地热异常点及人类活动的关系,利用大气校正方法对该区潜在的地热异常进行了预测。在排除人为热影响下得到高温地热异常区9处,排除湖泊水域以及海拔的影响下得到低温地热异常区4处。在此基础上,利用地表温度与归一化植被指数计算研究区的温度植被干旱指数值（TVDI）,预测可能存在的隐伏断裂23 处。最后结合岩性、断裂构造有效地圈定了5处地热靶区,主要分布在研究区西南区域和新洲镇附近。研究结果有助于预测阳江地区具有开发前景的地热异常区、识别圈定具有勘探意义的靶区以及预测隐伏断裂,对该区后续地热资源的进一步研究具有重要的意义。  相似文献